LuckCong's Health Blog

In general, hepatitis B mainly through blood, sex and mother-to-child transmission of the three, will not touch the daily life of the transmission. Many people believe that hepatitis B virus is not spread by the intestinal tract, that is, patients with hepatitis B virus carriers, or a total of meals will not be infected. However, clinically found that patients infected with hepatitis B part of the reason is indeed related to eating. Some patients with hepatitis B and the total meal occurred in the more unsanitary hotel or the street after the dinner table. Research shows that when people eat in the hepatitis B virus carriers, the traditional way of eating hepatitis B infection rate of 42%, while the rate of infection of hepatitis B Fencan system for 17%, which shows that hepatitis B is likely to digest Road-borne. In fact, the route of transmission of hepatitis B virus is more complex, people living with HIV or hepatitis B patients with a variety of body fluids are infectious, and its mode of transmission through blood transfusion and blood products, drug injection and acupuncture, and so on. If the medical equipment was contaminated after the hepatitis B virus is not thoroughly sterilized, so in the stomach, Enteroscopy, extraction, cleaning teeth, interventional treatment, surgery and anesthesia, such as intubation may cause the spread of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B virus is spread through the digestive tract? When hepatitis B patients and virus carriers or meal together, if your mouth was stabbed fishbone, the teeth bite through, the intestinal mucosa was rough cut of food, or suffering from mouth ulcers, gum bleeding, gastrointestinal Ulcer diseases such as hepatitis B virus gives an opportunity: The damaged mucosa into the blood, leading to infection. In fact, this is a form of blood-borne. When patients or carriers of hepatitis B and dinner, if you can guarantee your mucous membrane of the digestive system is complete, there is no damage, is generally not the hepatitis B infection. However, the gastrointestinal mucosa of the damage is often not easy to find, no one can guarantee their own did not damage the digestive tract, the food-borne disease through a total of the possibility of a great deal. Social life is an important content, but not entirely to the prevention of hepatitis B and the total meal is not possible. The best way to prevent hepatitis B vaccination is with hepatitis B vaccine, once you have had a hepatitis B antibody, the meal can be a total of infected to minimize the opportunity.

A mode of transmission of hepatitis XIE Yao: infectious hepatitis does not mean that the severity of the high and low, because the level of the virus, said the strength of infectious, I can not say that the emphasis on communicable strong, the light is not strong infectious. Some such as hepatitis B immune tolerance, disease, but he did not blood inside the high-virus, is also highly contagious. However, when the transmission of the virus in addition to outside sources of infection among most of my colleagues is that he was confused by the table and you can not touch, he used a pen or you can not, I think now there is no one single colleague will be shared between the glass, This small, the work environment inside the general possibility of infection is very small, because we are in the hands of the skin's integrity, and not to find a table with a virus I have a feeling on the infected, which is into the The do not. The process of the environment, I can not say that there are a colleague and I will not be able together, I ask you, in turn, take the bus here? You go to stores to buy anything? You have the money to each of disinfecting it? Hands on the bus do not know how many people have touched, because there are probably a hundred personal touch 9, 10 people are carrying the virus, you said to me on the bus did not move my move, we often joke virus, a doctor, How your money out how the ground, and I said next time I am rewarded every time I have put some polish on the ground floor, I do not want you over. If the integrity of your skin is very small, he touched on the table of the virus in particular was exceptionally low, do not spread because of a viral infection to a person of your own people depend on their immune status, depending on your virus infection The number you depend on the virulence of the virus, how strong you are infected with the virus can spread very small number, say, I estimate that a virus can not spread too few. Second: hepatitis B carriers Moderator: But I think on this issue, he actually represents a lot of people, because the virus to carry a relatively high rate, many people do not know the stranger who did not have the virus, we always have doubts inside. XIE Yao: Now that we own or carry hepatitis B virus carriers in the face of it more, for the sake of their own insurance, you are afraid of their own vaccines to fight the infection, to see every one of us must be born after the fight measles vaccine, diphtheria vaccine, which Have to fight, why? His aim is to meet you in the event such a situation, then there is immune, so you can not say no and hepatitis together, according to this logic, then we will be infected with ten thousand times, because every time I see a lot of patients. Moderator: Your body's antibody definitely a lot more than we do. XIE Yao: That is the result of vaccination, the vaccination is the most important, is not to say that my colleagues on how to get hepatitis. Three hepatitis B infection to eat it? Moderator: We like our colleague Xiao Sanyang is like a meal should not be spread, right? XIE Yao: this is also the possibility of the spread of small, is just that the people in formulating the "guidelines for hepatitis B," the time how to prevent infection, said people will not kiss? Said to avoid deep kissing, and certainly not to eat much kissing. Moderator: You said that so I guess there may be a lot of people very relieved, because a lot of people who have doubts, and colleagues have Xiaosan Yang colleagues or friends together for dinner every day, if not eat is also not appropriate, Also live in fear of eating can not be very obvious, so a lot of people say that's a relief.

China's hepatitis B is a high prevalence areas, the surface of one or both of the couples antigen positive or husband and wife are very public. B of the impact on marriage and child rearing, marriage and child rearing on how to reduce the dangers of hepatitis B, is many issues of common concern. A correct understanding of these issues will help improve the quality of hepatitis B patients on marriage and child rearing, but also conducive to social stability. Some people may have noticed that a high degree of hepatitis B family is gathered. Hepatitis B so it will not be genetic? That the current, not genetic hepatitis B, hepatitis B family is gathered mainly due to transmission rather than genetic, and not through the egg or sperm evidence of transmission of hepatitis B, hepatitis B does not have a man Direct intrauterine infection in infants. However, the risk of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B virus infection after the conclusion may be related to genetic factors. Many routes of transmission of hepatitis B, on the marriage of the two sides, in addition to social get-together, there are direct physical contact and sexual contact, infected each other's risk of a study proved that the newly married couple in the side surface antigen Positive and negative on the other, 27 months later, the other on the surface antigen positive up to 140%; and the two sides on the surface of the couples antigen were negative, surface antigen positive only 1.60 percent. Protection of the hepatitis B vaccination rate of 90% -95% if an appropriate increase in the number of vaccine doses or vaccination, and is expected to enhance the immune effect. As a result, the two sides of the marriage spread of the majority of each other can be prevented. It is important early screening, early detection, early prevention. If there is one hepatitis B, hepatitis B surface antibody positive on the other, without fear of transmission of hepatitis B; the surface of the absence of antibodies against hepatitis B vaccine immediately. In the event of being infected by the other side, there is no need to worry too much. The consequences of hepatitis B infection in adults with hepatitis B infection in infants and young children of very different consequences, which was more than 90% of acute, after which 98% will become chronically infected. At present, anti-HBV drugs continue to occur, there is also a great hope for cure. Therefore, if there is a strong foundation for love, do not let you destroy the hepatitis B virus feelings. Mother to child transmission of hepatitis B is the most important route of transmission. Surface antigen-positive children born to mothers, the positive rate as high as 30% -40%. Surface antigen, e antigen-positive mothers of the two-babies a year, almost all positive, of which 65% to 72% will become chronic carriers. Mother-to-child transmission, through the placenta in the intrauterine transmission of almost all become chronic carriers, so far no effective treatment, is the most terrible. However, a recent study shows that a single surface antigen-positive pregnant women, infants born to intrauterine infection rate was only 3.7 percent, on the surface antigen, e antigen-positive pregnant women, infants born to two-intrauterine infection rate was 9.80 percent. This shows that intrauterine infection rates up to less than 10%, if the e antigen negative wait until after the birth, intrauterine infection can be greatly reduced. The e antigen negative natural rate, a higher conversion rate after treatment. The birth and the birth mother to child transmission, prevention of good results encouraging. From 1986 to 1990 in four provinces and municipalities of China's pilot area population of 2,000,000 in the large-scale test of hepatitis B vaccine, inoculated newborns each year 30,000 people, immune from 3 to 4 years, 3 to 4-year-old children on the surface antigen positive rate by the immune ago The 16,2% to 1.78%, of which Shanghai has dropped to 0.98 percent. Even the surface antigen, e antigen two-positive mothers, infants born 24 hours after hepatitis B vaccination plus hepatitis B immunoglobulin high price to protect the rate of 92% to 95%. So as long as we take effective preventive measures, the vast majority of mother to child transmission can be avoided, but the probability of transmission of hepatitis B by a few, they should be able to accept the risk. The existence of breast milk hepatitis B virus, but by the hepatitis B infection in the digestive tract is difficult, and the concentration of virus in the milk is far lower than the concentration in the blood. If the baby was born within 24 hours of vaccination, the mother of the breast without damage, experts believe that breast-feeding is safe. In view of the superiority of breast-feeding, weighing the pros and cons, breast-feeding should be a reasonable choice. It is generally believed that hepatitis B virus infection and premature birth, abortion, fetal malformation has little to do. Hepatitis B virus carriers, chronic hepatitis in patients with mild to marriage, pregnancy, pregnancy on maternal and child do not have any impact, but during pregnancy, especially in the latter part of pregnancy on a regular basis to check liver function. Hepatitis B acute or chronic active hepatitis B should be suspended for marriage, marriage as a result of excessive physical exertion may increase the patient's condition and even give rise to serious consequences. Serious illness of chronic hepatitis B in stable condition after pregnancy, pregnancy may increase the disease, and even a threat to the safety of mother and child, so caution must be exercised, and intensive care. Hepatitis B patients with late stage of pregnancy appear dysfunction, in particular the emergence of jaundice, prothrombin time, it is bad trillion, to a high degree of vigilance liver in a coma, the possibility of postpartum hemorrhage. These patients should be hospitalized in good condition to save maternity hospital.

Hepatitis B infection is the hepatitis B virus (HBV) caused to the liver inflammatory disease mainly caused by multiple organ damage and a wide prevalence of extremely hazardous infectious diseases. First, the mode of transmission of hepatitis B virus. First, the hepatitis B virus through blood transfusion, needle, not the endoscope disinfection, dirty wounds, such as transmission of beauty. It must be fresh through the window of communication, wound more than 3 minutes would not be infected. As a result, tattoos, sharing razors are vulnerable to infection. The second is spread through sex: male homosexuality, the more partners a greater danger. Third, mother to child transmission, this is our most important route of transmission of HBV. Second, the main symptoms of hepatitis B patients. Occult Hepatitis B onset, the main symptoms of malaise, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, a small number of patients have nausea, vomiting, jaundice or without mild jaundice, hepatomegaly check can be found, tenderness, splenomegaly, a small number of Patients with liver pain. Third, hepatitis B preventive measures. In addition to the prevention of hepatitis B prevention of nosocomial transmission, to strengthen the blood donors and blood products to manage these non-specific prevention measures, mainly to be taken to prevent specific immunity. Hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis B immunoglobulin high price (HBIG) can prevent hepatitis B.

In China, there are 10 people who are carriers of hepatitis B virus, which can lead to persistent inflammation of the liver damage in some patients eventually develop liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure, thereby endangering the lives of       10 people in China who have to carry a hepatitis B virus, only 1 in 100 individuals who understand the hepatitis B. This shows that the vast majority of hepatitis B virus carriers are unknowingly spread the virus to the surrounding crowd.   is the hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B (referred to as HBV) infection and liver damage leading to a communicable disease. Hepatitis B virus is a small DNA virus, belonging to the liver tropic virus in a family. Hepatitis B virus attacks the normal liver cells, leading to persistent inflammation of the liver damage in some patients eventually develop liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure and thus life-threatening. Hepatitis B virus is how the disease?   hepatitis B virus does not directly damage the liver, primarily by stimulating the body's immune system indirectly lead to liver damage. Virus attacks the liver and enter the liver cells, liver cells as a base to produce copy of the new virus particles. In the virus to enter cells in the liver after being infected by stimulating the immune system to identify and attack the infected liver cells, this process can cause inflammation of the liver and liver cell damage, the formation of hepatitis. If the immune system to identify and complete eradication of the virus, the hepatitis B virus-infected people will be able to make a full recovery.   if the hepatitis B virus infection in the lower immune function, immune defects, or newborns, infants and young children due to the immature immune system can not be six months to the total eradication of the virus, causing virus in the body's long-standing, or chronic form Infection.   Most of the adults infected with the hepatitis B virus after removal of the body and the formation of protective antibodies. Only a small percentage of infected adults (5% to 10%) not completely clear the virus. The young hepatitis B virus infection after the period will be the majority of chronic. About 90% of birth (before) virus infection in the newborn and 25% to 30% in the period of infants and young children infected with young children to develop into chronic infection will be.   hepatitis B virus are the main mode of transmission: mother to child transmission: hepatitis B virus carried by the mother during childbirth, through blood and body fluid transmission to the fetus. In China, mother to child transmission is the main mode of transmission; blood-borne: input, such as with hepatitis B virus in the blood or blood products, the use of hepatitis B virus have been contaminated and not thoroughly disinfected or sterilized medical equipment and supplies; spread of body fluids: Including tissue fluid, semen, vaginal secretions, and other general day-to-day contact. If the speech, shaking hands, hugging, eating, working in the office, will not be the hepatitis B virus infection. How should the treatment of hepatitis B had?   hepatitis B, also known as the "silent killer" because most people were in their initial hepatitis B virus infection does not appear obvious symptoms. Many people have long become a medical examination found that when the hepatitis B virus carriers. Hepatitis B common symptoms of fever, fatigue, muscle or joint pain; loss of appetite; mild nausea and vomiting. Serious symptoms may occur when severe nausea, vomiting, jaundice, edema, and abdominal distension. Hepatitis B patients should establish the correct treatment goals, hepatitis B virus replication is the continued incidence of hepatitis B and the root causes of disease. The correct treatment of long-term goal is to curb the virus, slow disease progression to cirrhosis, liver cancer, to reach the final of the long-term disease control.   hepatitis B virus replication is the root cause of chronic hepatitis B. Therefore, anti-viral treatment is a result of treatment, as if drastic measure, the treatment of chronic hepatitis B is the key.   a large number of clinical studies confirm that only through long-term anti-retroviral therapy in order to achieve sustained viral replication inhibition, slow the progression of the disease, and the full realization of the objectives of chronic hepatitis B treatment. As a result, as long as patients with chronic hepatitis B treatment in line with the conditions, it should be positive for the system and standard anti-viral treatment. The liver to make more use of drugs there is harm   hepatitis B patients often eat a lot of the so-called "liver medicine", or even to eat a variety of health care or prescriptions. In fact, so do more harm than good. Hepatitis B virus replication is the root cause of chronic hepatitis B, the anti-viral treatment is a result of treatment, as if drastic measure, the key to the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. A lot of "liver medicine" through the liver metabolism, too much to take in patients with hepatitis B will only increase the burden on the fragile liver.   market, a lot of drug treatment of hepatitis B, Good and bad people mix. Many drugs are claimed to be more than 90% of negative results. If you blindly believe that the indiscriminate use of false advertising, not only can cure liver disease, it may be some side effects, causing damage to other organs. In fact, a rigorous large-scale clinical studies have confirmed the efficacy of anti-viral drugs are not many. Widely used internationally and have accumulated a great deal of experience in anti-HBV drugs, only lamivudine, adefovir and interferon. No need to isolate patients   mother to child transmission, blood and body fluids spread of hepatitis B virus is mainly spread channels. Therefore, in the prevention of mother to child transmission, as long as hepatitis B patients and healthy people to avoid the contact with blood and body fluids, such as in everyday life, such as the commonly used razor possible contact with the blood of others to separate supplies; suffering from hepatitis B The attention to women's menstrual health, is generally not the hepatitis B virus to others. Isolation of patients with hepatitis B is completely unnecessary and unfair. This misunderstanding of the hepatitis B disease will greatly affect the quality of life of patients with hepatitis B, and the health of people who do not have any significance.   In fact, patients with hepatitis B as long as the law of life, to avoid fatigue, avoid alcohol and tobacco, diet, and regular hospital and experienced doctors treatment and follow-up on a regular basis, can still work and normal life. The most important thing is certain from the hepatitis B disease is the culprit start with hepatitis B virus, inhibiting virus replication in a timely manner using the normal anti-virus treatment

A misunderstanding: hepatitis B antibody can protect the liver In the right perspective: Only the surface of Zhang Zhuren antibodies useful antibody is said that there are a variety of hepatitis antibodies, antibody protection, such as antibodies on the surface; antibodies are useless, such as antibodies and c-e, which was meant to explain the existence of the past, patients had infections or Are infected with hepatitis B virus. Miss Zhang test on the single-core antibody (HBcAb or anti-HBc), that she had in the past or are infected with hepatitis B virus infection. Injected with a hepatitis B vaccine, or do not produce antibodies on the surface or produce useful antibody (HBsAb), and will not stimulate the heart and e-antibody production, only the two antibodies from the previous infection or are infected with the B Liver virus. Second misunderstanding: hepatitis B virus directly to the liver poisoning In the right perspective: Hepatitis B virus replication continued to cause liver cirrhosis, many people think, cirrhosis and liver cancer is due to the long-term hepatitis B virus directly caused by poisoning. Zhang Zhuren pointed out that the hepatitis B virus itself does not directly cause liver damage, liver cell damage actually sustained as a result of hepatitis B virus replication and stimulate organisms have a sustained immune response, resulting in more damage to liver cells, a long time Normal liver fibrosis will be replaced by scar tissue and fibrosis when the very serious and widespread, there will be cirrhosis. Therefore, continued to block the replication of the hepatitis B virus to prevent hepatitis to cirrhosis and liver cancer development is all about. Three errors: hepatitis B only minutes, Xiao Sanyang In the right perspective: Hepatitis B can not be simply a variety of sub-Liver JiangMei by some of the effects of advertising, people generally believe that hepatitis B is only "Dasan Yang" and "Xiao Sanyang" points. For hepatitis B on the actual medical roughly be divided into acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, severe hepatitis, cholestatic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Many of the normal liver function infected (surface antigen positive) in patients with hepatitis B can not, can only be called carriers, these carriers can be positive HbeAg (commonly known as "Da Sanyang," infectious strong), but also HbeAg Negative (weak infectious). Zhang Zhuren reminded that some patients in long-term level of expertise Dr. Gao Di (even Youyi) under the guidance of non-standard treatment, only know that repeatedly JiangMei Liver, and the virus continued to replicate, so imperceptibly and gradually hiding fibrosis Accumulated, Chao B to wait until the day when all of a sudden found on the surface of the liver is uneven (sclerosis), it was too late.

Hepatitis B liver function in patients with a number of long-term stability, all of a sudden, the body does not feel to check liver function abnormalities; some patients with hepatitis, liver function better when the bad time. Why? Who is the hepatitis B recurrence of the seven main culprit? Overworked Overworked (including the heavy mental and physical) that can damage the body's immune state of relative balance, to aggravate the hepatitis B virus replication, increasing the burden on the liver, leading to recurrence of hepatitis. Overworked the situation as follows: to travel long distances, stay up all night, the spirit of high tension, work pressure, mood swings, and fury and sexual assault have been frequent, and so on. Non-food section When eating in patients with hepatitis to light, nutritious food mainly to avoid eating greasy, fried, spicy food, which is difficult to digest food, would increase the burden on the stomach, Feiganhouwei of goods, easy to stomach pent-up emotion, as the hot and humid , Damage to the spleen and stomach, to induce hepatitis attack. Drinking Drinking is caused by one of the main reasons for the recurrence of hepatitis, alcohol oxidation in the liver, the formation of harmful substances acetaldehyde, can damage the liver, alcohol enters the human body, the liver function and suppress the poisoning effect. Patients suffering from hepatitis, does not mean that moderate alcohol consumption and suicide and must be dry. Wrongly or drug abuse As a result of hepatitis patients to seek eager, often believe the advertising, taking a variety of home-made traditional Chinese medicine preparation; some long-term use of "folk" and "prescription", and some drug use is not in line with the indications, hard to use; some duplication of large-scale use of the so-called liver Medicine; mistaken for some toxic side effects of traditional Chinese medicine did not, without the use of random selection. In the liver of these messy, complicated drug to form a chemical reaction under the influence, poisoning and inflammation is getting more and more weight, add to the growing damage to liver function. Environmental Change Patients in stable condition shortly after the original change their way of life and living environment, such as business, travel, and so on, as a result of the living environment, water and soil conditions change, resulting in chaos and the environment in the body appear abnormal liver function. Seasonal changes Hepatitis outbreak of the different seasons, spring and summer season for hepatitis easy to attack, autumn and winter made the author a relatively small fluctuations in the liver function of the probability of the four seasons are: fluctuations in the spring, about 22.94 percent, accounting for 23.85 percent in the summer, autumn Accounting for 9.17 percent, accounting for 18.34 percent of winter. Suffering from other diseases Cold, diarrhea, cholecystitis, can also lead to massive fluctuations in liver function. As a result, patients with hepatitis usually have to pay attention to weather changes, to protect the spleen and stomach, feeling good conditioning, there are regular daily life, as far as possible to avoid suffering from other diseases. Although hepatitis B is a serious infectious disease hazards, but can be prevented as long as everyone is the prevention of hepatitis B have the knowledge, and do it carefully, it can reduce the risk of hepatitis B infection to a minimum.

Mother to child transmission. It is China's hepatitis B virus infection is the main cause, suffering from acute hepatitis B and HBsAg carrying mothers may be of Hepatitis B transmission to the newborn. In the course of delivery to the neonatal infection, infection in the womb to the newborn (intrauterine transmission), and post-natal infection in newborns. Blood-borne. Including the hepatitis B virus with the importation of blood and blood products, unclean injection, surgery, tooth extraction, tattoos, acupuncture, pierced ears, endoscopy and medical personnel, such as stab wounds to the accident. Iatrogenic spread. Mainly due to strict disinfection without the use of non-disposable syringes, caused by endoscopy. Sexually transmitted. Sexually transmitted. HBsAg-positive male semen infectious, in the family, HBsAg-positive spouse than the other family members more vulnerable to hepatitis B infection. Other forms of communication. About 40 percent of those chronically infected with the virus in saliva, so saliva can also cause the spread. The main means of exchange of body fluids have access to life, such as sharing razors, toothbrushes, and other hygiene products, skin and oral mucosa (including the gums) from time to time may be damaged by the infection break. Therefore, the share of the razor and toothbrush spread among family members see more. Can be seen from the above-mentioned route of transmission in the general work of the contact, the probability of occurrence of hepatitis B transmission is very low. Daily contact with the general office supplies such as the sharing, exchange of money, public dining, and so on, generally will not cause the spread.

Whether it is hepatitis A, hepatitis B or hepatitis any other, there will be some of the same liver and the performance of the performance of the whole body, the performance of those who have it? Life had hepatitis, liver cells to swelling, necrosis, can not eat normal food into the "process", there will be nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite, and so on, patients will have diarrhea, abdominal distension. Liver bile secretion and generate the function can not be normal to digest fat, so there will be tired of greasy. As a result of swelling of the liver cells, so that the intrahepatic bile duct pressure, hampered biliary excretion, so that the bilirubin in the blood increased. Too much bilirubin excretion through the kidneys, and patients will be yellow urine, and even deep as strong tea; bilirubin from the blood mucocutaneous overflow, the body will be jaundice, the patient may feel itchy skin; due to the discharge of bile from the stool Reduce the patient's stool color shallow, and even become off-white, a doctor known as the "clay it." The nerve of the liver in the liver outside the envelope of the liver, hepatitis when the swelling of the liver, liver coated with the adhesion of inflammatory tissue, the liver pain, fatigue after more evident. Chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis patients can be a "liver palms" and "spider." Liver palms of both hands is the big fish, small fish occasion of the palm and fingers face congestive heart red, like a layer of painted rouge. As the spider small artery branch expansion, it looks like spider named. Use a pencil or a toothpick push the center of a small spider, the spider's small feet will disappear. Liver palms and spider the formation of the liver due to the inactivation of the function of estrogen decline. In the body's estrogen levels, there will be women Menstrual disorder, the feminization of male breast that may arise. As the patient's liver to reduce the inactivation of the melanoma, which can cause skin pigmentation. Hepatitis, or a decline in immune function disorder, prone to all kinds of infection (such as influenza, herpes zoster, diarrhea, etc.) or complicated diseases of the immune system (such as Sjogren's syndrome, psoriasis, etc.). At the same time, the virus and immune effects will be accompanied by enlargement of the spleen. Liver clotting factor is the venue for serious liver disease, clotting factor reduction, patients can be shown bleeding and clotting problems. Patients with chronic hepatitis, liver fibrous tissue hyperplasia, the formation of the liver lobule leave, nodules, gradually cirrhosis. Severe hepatitis and cirrhosis patients with ascites can occur, endotoxemia and elevated blood ammonia, and even hepatic encephalopathy (hepatic coma). Late oliguria can also occur without urine of liver and kidney syndrome.

Data shows that HBV surface antigen (HbSAg)-positive mothers, the milk of HbSAg positive rate of 36%. To ensure the baby is not infected, the medical profession to see the past as long as HbSAg positive mothers not breast-feeding advocates. In recent years, according to experts pointed out that the results of years of research, maternal hepatitis B by taking certain measures to block the hepatitis B virus transmission through breast-feeding, which can also be breast-feeding her baby. Hepatitis B virus carrying the pregnant women should be in the 3 months before a monthly injection of hepatitis B immunoglobulin high price (HbIg200 units) in order to reduce the maternal blood of hepatitis B viral load, reducing neonatal infection of the uterus Rate. In the 24 hours of birth, should be No. 1 needle injection of hepatitis B vaccine, 1 month and 6 months respectively after the injection needle the other two. In this way, although breast milk contains the hepatitis B virus, but the content is extremely low, and newborn immunized in a timely manner, it will not happen of mother-to-child vertical transmission. If the maternal e antigen (HbeAg) positive at the same time, in addition to neonatal hepatitis B vaccine injection, but also injected HbIg, so that the newborn at the same time was active immunization and passive immunity. Some experts also believe that due to the positive HbeAg highly infectious, it is appropriate or not to breastfeed.

As a result of hepatitis virus infection and is divided into different types A, B, C, D, E and other, but the clinical findings of chronic hepatitis B or more. China is a high incidence of hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus infection rate is very high, hidden disease, can not be cured, the larger the danger, coupled with strong infectious, and no clear diagnosis was hepatitis B virus carriers or patients with more It is easy to become a source of infection, so early detection is very important. Regular medical check high-risk groups Many people infected with hepatitis B virus in the early stages of infection, or after a fairly long period of time, can not be any symptoms. Many people are in the medical unit found to be infected with the hepatitis B virus. Therefore, in order to early detection of hepatitis B, the most effective way to do this is regular physical examination every year to check liver function and hepatitis B virus of the five indicators (commonly known as "half-and-half"). Compared to most people, hepatitis B of the high-risk people more vulnerable to hepatitis B virus infection, so for these people, but also to check on a regular basis. Hepatitis B is what the high-risk people do? This requires understanding of hepatitis B transmission. Hepatitis A and the fecal - oral route of transmission, hepatitis B is the main route of transmission of mother to child transmission, blood-borne, iatrogenic spread (without the use of strict disinfection of non-disposable syringes, endoscopy, etc.), sexually transmitted and the day-to-day The life of contact (sharing razors, toothbrushes or wound with a contact wound, in the final analysis is spread through the blood). Therefore, if the past two weeks to six months there have been following the case, it is necessary to guard against hepatitis B virus infection: hepatitis B and has been in close contact with patients; lost blood and plasma have been injected, such as albumin or placental globulin; there Had sexual contact with unclean; used strictly non-sterilized syringes, received acupuncture, tattoos, dental surgery and so on. According to statistics, about 80% of Hepatitis B through the family of vertical transmission of the infection, and another 15% through blood, medical media such as infection. Therefore, relatives of patients with hepatitis B, must attach great importance to check again, not only to check the "two half-and-half," should also check hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA). If you are negative hepatitis B vaccine injection in a timely manner should be prevented; If it is positive, should be treated in a timely manner. In addition to remind you that some of the smaller hospitals do not have the hepatitis B screening conditions, it should be possible to inspect large hospitals, not to map cheap, fast map. Most notably, many of Pianqian clinics and hospitals, often using false test so that you test the indicators are looked at every turn for the better, but in reality this is not the case. Common symptoms need to guard against If the hepatitis B virus carriers of the virus in liver cells active in reproduction, impaired liver function, you can have clinical symptoms. Common symptoms include: fatigue general weakness, dizziness, dry mouth, bitter mouth, loss of appetite, nausea, tired of greasy, right upper quadrant discomfort, pain, diarrhea. Sometimes patients have low heat, patients may develop severe jaundice (yellowing of skin, the color of strong tea, such as yellow urine, yellow eyes, etc.). Some symptoms can occur in many diseases, often as not to delay treatment and other diseases. Therefore, the symptoms appear, it is necessary to do so in a timely manner and the etiology of liver function checks that do not easily fatigue, fever and flu are caused by; loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort caused by stomach trouble, or is that neurasthenia , Gastroenteritis and so on. If the delay in treatment, a small number of patients will develop into severe hepatitis, liver damage showed a sharp increase until failure, at the same time with renal failure and other organ damage, patients will continue to add to the jaundice, oliguria, no urine, Ascites, fuzzy sense, delirium and coma. In short, more attention, early detection of hepatitis B can absolutely be done.

In the face of hepatitis B, almost all as a great scourge, as long as a person heard "two pairs of semi-" there are positive indicators, often less than fear. Han Chuang students are studying more than 10 years, it is because the hepatitis B virus carriers have been shut out of the University; was admitted to high civil servants, but as a "+" life-long regret; also have the Haishishanmeng lovers, but also because Hepatitis B and the fear of a negative mind to leave ... ... Hepatitis B virus is really "all-pervasive"? If you are around people who are infected with hepatitis B virus, how can we not hurt each other, and the protection of their own? Hope that some of the following knowledge, you can change to the B unnecessary panic and even discrimination. Aware of the fact As we all know, China is a high prevalence of hepatitis B region, 10% of people infected with chronic hepatitis B virus. But few know is that China's total population of nearly 60% of the people have been infected with hepatitis B virus; in 10% of the total population of chronic hepatitis B virus-infected people, about 20% of people carry the virus The hepatitis B occur at different times. In other words, every 100 Chinese people, 60 people have been infected with hepatitis B virus, but only 10 have become infected with chronic hepatitis B virus, of which only 2 of hepatitis B occur. The above data to say? It shows that hepatitis B virus in China is indeed widespread, but not in so terrible to imagine. Human beings infected with the hepatitis B virus, most people can rely on the body's own resistance to clear the virus. China 130,000,000 of chronic hepatitis B virus in infected people, the majority of people with the virus is in a "peaceful coexistence" of the state. They are infected with the hepatitis B virus, and how we do China has such a large crowd of hepatitis B virus infection, friends and family around, colleagues, family members of the hepatitis B virus infection is hard to avoid, how to do? First of all, we should know that the hepatitis B virus infection in different periods of time, is not the same as infectious. People are infected with hepatitis B virus, the general can be divided into 3 periods: immune tolerance, immune clearance phase and the non-active (or copy) period. The first two stages (e antigen positive) active viral replication, infectious strong, and in need of special attention; the last stage (e antigen negative) is a low viral replication, infectious weak, do not have to panic over. Then we will be able to learn about a different side of human infection with hepatitis B virus, we should be done about them: Colleagues and friends of the hepatitis B virus transmission: blood, maternal and child, medical infections, sexual contact, intravenous drug injection. Day-to-day contact with live or work, as an office (including the sharing of computers and other office supplies), shaking hands, hugging, sharing a room, a dining table, sharing toilets, and so no exposure to blood contact, hepatitis B virus infection in general will not. So, no need because the hepatitis B virus and alienate your colleagues and friends. Lovers, husband and wife first of all, we have to promote voluntary antemarital examination. If the check is in the side of active hepatitis B, it is necessary to suspend the marriage; only if the hepatitis B virus carriers, you can get married, but not infected with the hepatitis B vaccination should be the other side (3-pin), and suggested that transient When living with condoms. In the next generation of breeding, if the man is the hepatitis B virus carriers, the woman should be full immunization hepatitis B vaccine injection, the woman can be effective in preventing mother-to-child infection, as well as the vertical transmission; if the woman is the hepatitis B virus carriers, for the provision of newborn Passive combined immunodeficiency, the protection rate of up to 80%. However, if the mother's body there is active viral replication of hepatitis B (e antigen positive) should take contraceptive measures to be taken into e antigen negative after pregnancy. Family members of the family members of chronic HBV infection, the entire process should be the other members of the hepatitis B vaccine inoculation. If the members of viral replication, the implementation of the recommendations Fencan system. Although hepatitis B virus does not spread through the digestive tract, oral cavity, esophagus mucosa have ulcers, damage, hepatitis B virus can enter the body through the mucous membrane damage. At the same time, towel, basin, the cup of life, such as appliances, the best use of separately. Women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, the menstrual period, should be properly dealt with health supplies, underwear peracetic acid applications, such as glutaraldehyde disinfectant. Finally, I had to remind you that the newborn must be full coverage of hepatitis B vaccine, that is, born on the same day, January and June the first injection. If the accident had contact with hepatitis B virus-infected blood and body fluids, hepatitis B vaccine has not been vaccinated or previously been vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, immunization, but the losers should be immediately injected high price of hepatitis B immunoglobulin, and at the same time Immunoglobulin in different parts of the hepatitis B vaccine inoculation.

Blumberg, a professor in the report, HBV and the subsequent discovery of HBV vaccine is derived from the original serum protein-related basic research, and in fact did not expect that R & B in the area have so much relevance. Blumberg, a professor at before, many scientists are trying to find the cause of hepatitis pathogenic micro-organisms, but the results did not. Blumberg was the main study of the serum antigen genetic polymorphism and susceptibility to disease. They used the spread of immunization techniques of blood transfusion had a large number of patients (such as hemophilia, leukemia) in the blood samples for research. In 1963 he found that living in New York, 1 case of hemophilia patients with a serum of indigenous Australia antigen in human serum react. As a result of this antigen was first found in Australia, so Blumberg called Australia antigen. Blumberg was in the crowd, many of which have been studied and found that this antigen in Asia and Africa among high positive rate, and the health of people in Europe and the United States was low, but in Europe and the United States have liver disease characterized by crowd The positive rate is higher. Blumberg also examined, such as Australia antigen with leukemia and Down's syndrome and found that children with Down's syndrome in Australia antigen positive rate higher, but if the parents of children with Australia antigen positive, but also occur in children with hepatitis without jaundice . Based on these clues, Blumberg and so on the assumption that Australia antigen and hepatitis, subsequent research has confirmed that indeed Australia is the HBV antigen, that is, HBsAg. Later, through observation and transmission electron microscopy experiments confirmed that the Australia antigen and the hepatitis viruses can cause indeed. From this point of view, HBV found the whole process is not designed in advance, but stumbled several times. Later studies found that human serum HBsAg and HBsAb at the same time there are very few, and indeed HBsAb positive effect on HBV are immune. Blumberg and Millman, a professor of specific techniques used to separate HBsAg with the virus, attenuated and inactivated for HBsAg, and this is the first vaccine production process, of course, now widely used in the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine using recombinant methods of expression Hepatitis B surface antigen. Currently, HBV has become the world's most common source of infection, HBV-related diseases each year as a result of the death of about 60 to 1,000,000, while the mortality HBV infection (15% to 25%) than HIV infection (100% ), But because of the large number of HBV-infected people, so the total number of deaths (5570 to 92,800,000) is much higher than die from HIV-infected people (34,000,000). It is gratifying that with the hepatitis B vaccine immunization program to promote, HBV infection rate has dropped significantly. Since 1986, China began to implement infant HBV vaccine immunization program so far, those who have hepatitis B vaccination serum HBsAg positive rate in history has control of 16.3% (879/5397 patients) down to 1.43% (horizontal Research) and 1.81% (Queue Research). Vaccination among HBsAg positive rate of decline will be indirect effects of vaccination and not susceptible. Italy's studies have shown that the majority of the members of the unvaccinated group of serum HBsAg-positive rate of decline, suggesting preventive vaccination has the effect amplification. In addition, HBV vaccination can to prevent the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma, China Taiwan, South Korea and Canada, studies have confirmed this. Blumberg, a professor final appeal, according to the current situation, not only to continue to promote hepatitis B vaccination to prevent the occurrence of hepatitis B, but also to take effective anti-HBV treatment, if we can strongly inhibit HBV DNA level, you can Reduce infectious and ultimately the number of hepatitis B infection will be further reduced.

Chinese people and easy to get hepatitis B-related gene? Experts said that this is yet to be demonstrated China is the largest liver cancer It is reported that the number of liver cancer in China accounted for more than half of the world, is worthy of the name of the "largest liver cancer." There are 120,000,000 of the hepatitis B virus carriers, that is to say, every 10 Chinese people were one people were infected with hepatitis B virus. Many people can not help but wonder why the Chinese so easy to get hepatitis B? Is it genetic problem? In response, many experts said could not understand. The University of Hong Kong Professor Liao Jiajie said that the Chinese people are particularly sensitive to the hepatitis B virus may be related to gene-related, but have yet to be confirmed. Long-term use of antiviral drugs to be Recently, newspapers, television ads overwhelming the treatment of hepatitis B: Hepatitis B can be said that some of the ads "completely cured", while others said "Zhibu Hao B," patients need medication for life. These ads many patients with hepatitis B at a loss. In response, Chinese Academy of Sciences et al authority in the field of liver cancer, said the treatment of hepatitis B are currently two types of drugs such as interferon First, the regulation of the immune drugs, but drugs are not suitable for everyone. The other is the anti-viral drugs, these drugs is a ills can not be stopped, the patient must be long-term medication. "Fudan standard" for the benefit of more patients At present, liver transplant in the adaptation of people to choose, is internationally recognized as Italy's Mi-lan standard, the United States standards, such as UCSF. These groups meet the criteria in the selection of relatively harsh. During the meeting, the subsidiary of Fudan University Institute of liver cancer a new standard. Al Academy of Sciences named "Fudan standards" It is understood that the "Fudan standard," an increase of about 25% of the population to adapt to a liver transplant in patients with the survival rate of Milan, UCSF compared to the same amount of money. Zhongshan Hospital last year, 4000 cases of liver transplant patients 1 year survival rate of 88%. Liver drug should not take long The new release of "chronic hepatitis B prevention and treatment guidelines" that the liver over many years a variety of oral drug is not desirable, because there is no good for the liver harmful drug Almighty, in the liver is not completely quiescent best medicine. In addition, the first to take a drug that may well, but the long-term medication, the drug will gradually lose their effect.

China's various types of liver disease incidence rate is high. Because of the lack of a correct understanding of liver disease in many patients with great mental stress and panic in society also have a liver disease in patients with discrimination, interfering with people's lives and their health order. As a result, patients and strengthen the different groups in society's basic education is necessary. The number of people are concerned about the issue so simple to explain. Whether patients with liver disease are contagious? Liver disease is caused by a variety of reasons for liver cell injury collectively. At present, there is a common cause of liver disease virus, alcoholic, drug-induced, toxic, immune, vascular, metabolic, genetic, such as bacterial, viral liver disease that only a certain infectious. In viral hepatitis, influenza, hepatitis E is through the digestive tract (I) spread to other viral hepatitis, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C through blood or the main mother to child transmission, not the normal transmission of life. Many patients with hepatitis B is one of the couples lived together for decades and has not spread to the other party. According to the epidemiological investigation, China's chronic hepatitis B virus infected 90% in 5-year-old former infections, 80% in the 1-year-old former infection. Adults are infected with hepatitis B virus can be 95 percent self-healing or cure. Hepatitis B Genetic it? Many patients because their mother or father and carry hepatitis B virus or hepatitis B patients on the view that he is a hereditary, but in fact this is a misunderstanding. Is a hereditary disease of the older generation has its own genetic chromosome abnormalities caused by abnormal offspring have a genetic disease; is infected with hepatitis B and exogenous pathogens - viruses caused by the disease, there are essentially different. HIV infection is preventable, curable infectious disease. The hepatitis B virus, you will not be "genetic" to your children. (Note this site: mother to child transmission and dissemination of fact, the father of infant and parents through the channels in the body to hepatitis B virus to the next generation, this is not the dissemination of "genetic") The goal of the treatment of hepatitis B virus? At present, many of the ads that used the drug "All of the five hepatitis B negative," To achieve this goal is very difficult. At present, the anti-viral treatment, we aim to: HBVDNA negative, HBeAg negative, HBeAb positive, normal liver function. Surface antigen negative of the very few opportunities and can not be treated as the end goal. Anti-retroviral therapy is a long-term project, according to the current treatment, either course of treatment should be greater than 1 year, the nucleoside (acid) drugs to the general course of treatment continued for more than 3 years. How to stop and when to stop under the guidance of specialist physicians. Chronic hepatitis B patients with antiviral treatment should be? Anti-viral treatment must grasp the opportunity, any indication of antiviral drugs have applications in the December 2005 release of "chronic hepatitis B prevention and treatment guidelines" in detail. A good time to get treatment highly effective, and not grasp the opportunity to be a waste of resources. We must seize the opportunities by experienced physicians to determine, based on the principle that: normal liver function, B observation of super-carriers of the disease-free anti-retroviral therapy is not suitable, HBVDNA positive, ALT greater than normal, more than double the upper limit can be Consider the application of anti-retroviral therapy; have cirrhosis of the liver function of patients, regardless of how the choice should be anti-viral treatment, the condition that specific program. How to prevent hepatitis B virus infection? The most effective preventive measure is the injection of hepatitis B vaccine. Birth neonate within 24 hours (preferably 12 hours) injection of hepatitis B vaccine may be effective in preventing hepatitis B virus infection, the protection rate of 98%. On the surface of antigen-positive pregnant women, newborns 24 hours in different parts of immunoglobulin injections of hepatitis B and hepatitis B vaccine is not in favor of pregnant women in late pregnancy injection of hepatitis B immune globulin. Children 3 to 5 years should check HBsAb, attention in a timely manner to strengthen the hepatitis B vaccination. Adults have the opportunity to close contact with the hepatitis B virus in particular, should contact the blood of high-dose injection of hepatitis B vaccine (20 micrograms).

Every 7 people who have to carry a hepatitis virus, New York's immigrant community in East Asia is becoming the most dangerous of the hepatitis virus, "hidden areas." A few days ago a health report, East Asia, New York, there are 100,000 immigrants bring with chronic hepatitis C virus, most of them did not know. Hepatitis viruses cause infection, but also in the adult body into a fatal liver cancer or cirrhosis, the United States is considered the biggest health threat to the Chinese. Asians are "high risk" groups "The New York Times" reported yesterday, New York University School of Medicine researchers this week published a survey of hepatitis. Which found that New York there are 100,000 from China, Japan, South Korea and other East Asian countries to carry the immigrants with chronic hepatitis C virus, the East Asian immigrants accounted for 15% of the total number. In these hepatitis B virus carriers, the highest proportion of Chinese people. The report so that the East Asian immigrants in the United States in particular the health sector the focus of attention. It is understood that the East Asian immigrants bring with chronic hepatitis C virus than the ratio of 35 times higher than other Americans, which means that their liver cirrhosis or liver cancer incidence is far higher than other ethnic groups in the United States. North America has always been to bring the rate of hepatitis B virus, the lowest in the world, only people living with the crowd below 0.5 percent, on the contrary, the Asian population carry hepatitis B virus rate of 6% to 10%, the highest in the world is one of the regions. A source pointed out that many Asian countries there have been hepatitis B epidemic, with an increasing number of East Asian immigrants to settle in New York, the group will be in a very subtle way the virus to new places of settlement. New York, according to 2000 census data, New York, there are 800,000 Asian immigrants, half of them ethnic Chinese. Hepatitis B Foundation of the Chinese branch of the United States on its Web site lists some of the most common "high risk" groups: Asians, especially parents who immigrated to the United States; married in patients with hepatitis B or come into close contact with their families People; including adults and children. Immigrants lack health insurance New York, an ethnic Chinese community medical center director Dr. Thomas Tsang said that he was involved in the investigation process was surprised to find that Asian-Americans carry the hepatitis virus is very high, and most people knew nothing. "We just last week, checking the Asians, there are 10 people in 7 of the liver showed abnormal situation, in need of medical treatment." Thomas has pointed out with concern. Why the East Asian immigrants, particularly Chinese more vulnerable to hepatitis viruses? Experts point out that, in addition to its own people in East Asia, a higher proportion of carrying the virus, the health care of immigrants has also led to a lack of these Asian-Americans living abroad to become victims of liver disease. Researchers in New York for the residents of the study found that 3 / 4 chronic hepatitis virus carriers did not know, but "confused" the potential to become liver cancer patients. These people often do not enjoy medical insurance benefits in the United States, even if some people have health insurance and can not enjoy free film screening or blood test. New York University research team who is responsible for the亨利博拉克that in the absence of medical insurance, most people will continue to carry the virus this situation until the incidence of hepatitis forced hospitalization before treatment. But Bo Lake acknowledged the tremendous medical expenses diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis patients is a major problem. "Medical insurance is a huge expenditure," said Bo Lake, "If we are to cover every person in need of treatment, it would cost millions of dollars." After the deadly disease often found in home treatment U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released figures show that the Hepatitis B virus carriers in the United States accounted for only 0.4 percent of the total population. In this regard, Thomas has been a national figure that the neglect of the East Asian immigrants. In fact, many Asian-Americans find themselves suffering from the deadly disease, such as liver cancer, usually return home for treatment. East Asian immigrants have hepatitis begun to attract the attention of American society. Not only in New York, the relative concentration of ethnic Chinese in California began to hepatitis virus carriers of the medical situation. Will be held on May 20 in San Francisco's Asian Street will be placed on traditional activities, will launch a free hepatitis B virus testing services. Han Shu Yi New York immigrants carry hepatitis B virus case Gender 20% of men Female 9% Age 20-29 25% 30-39 22% 40-49 15% 50-59 9% aged over 60 4% Born in the country China 21% Korea 5% in other Asian countries by 4% Number of years living in the United States 22% less than 6 years 6 years -10 years 16% 11 years 12%

In recent years, China-related chronic hepatitis B (referred to as chronic hepatitis B) on the research point of view there have been three types of representation: The optimists The optimists predicted that chronic hepatitis B in the 3-5 years will be overcome. This perspective is linked to the United States in 1971, President Nixon initiated by the National Cancer Research Program, the intention is that in 1976 to celebrate the 200 anniversary celebrations of the founding of the United States when it announced that cancer has been overcome, the facts prove that goal is unrealistic. In recent years, put forward the slogan of "China-free hepatitis B," reflects the people's good wishes and to overcome hepatitis B virus (HBV)'s determination to be part of the anti-business to promote the use and sell its so-called signs of medicine. The optimists undesirable on the grounds that: ① anti-viral treatment so far no medicine, in which chronic hepatitis B infection as a result of a long line, the more difficult to heal completely. ② so far it has yet to be completely cured of the potential chronic hepatitis B drug, usually from the potential emergence of drug to come out to be the last 6 to 10 years, the so-called "3 to 5 years have been overcome," said the timing could not set up; ③ despite the availability of medicine, taking into account China's chronic hepatitis B patients with mainly low-income people actually can not bear the huge expenses, not to mention that these are long-term treatment. To the existing anti-HBV drugs o interferon and lamivudine, for example, chronic hepatitis B in China's application of the above-mentioned drug ratio is low, and which are less formal treatment. ④ even assuming that all chronic hepatitis B patients are able to pay the huge cost of treatment, taking into account the disease in the decades-long recurrent, has become a complex disease, in the part of the pathophysiology of the disease process, the host for HBV Immune pathogenesis can not afford to have a major role, it is pure anti-viral treatment will not solve the problem. Pessimists Pessimists pointed out that chronic hepatitis B is incurable, or at least it is difficult to cure. The reason is that existing anti-viral drugs can only inhibit, rather than clear the virus, it takes a long time, several times for treatment. This point of view of the main problems is to ignore the host immune response. In fact, as long as have a good time (that is, in the immune clearance phase) to carry out anti-viral treatment, such attacked inside and outside of the effectiveness of treatment is obvious, but also proof of chronic hepatitis B can be healed. As mentioned earlier, in China accounted for 10% of the total population of chronic HBV carriers, so far carried out anti-viral treatment systems are only a small proportion in the 1990s before the α-interferon for anti-virus Are few and far between, such as the nucleoside analogues lamivudine and 1999 before moving on to the market in China. Why develop into severe hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer only a small number of patients? Host immune responses played a key role. Since the anti-viral treatment in the absence of a significant portion of cases, patients can still be self-healing, together with the more advanced of the current antiviral drugs, there must be reason to believe that more patients were cured, it also has to prove it. Both these views of the main problems is not the correct assessment of the current anti-viral chronic hepatitis B treatment status quo. The optimists led to a variety of chronic hepatitis B patients Quzhiruowu, but no real treatment effects, especially for immune tolerance in a period of chronic hepatitis B patients with no more good, with the result that the majority of chronic hepatitis B patients with high hopes from , And the final disappointed. So that the pessimists are chronic hepatitis B patients on antiviral therapy available disappointed, so to a variety of ads, taken in the final. Rational allocation Reason to send the correct point of view should be rational and wise. On the one hand, the point of view of the following fully understand the difficulties of anti-HBV therapy: ① my mother to child transmission of HBV infection in the main, easy to carry chronic form: ② perinatal infection and the infected adults, more chronic form of immune tolerance, and anti-viral effect of the treatment of the poor; ③ existing anti-HBV drugs can inhibit rather than clear the virus and its replication intermediates - covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) can be a long time. On the other hand, should also fully recognize that the current chronic hepatitis B antiviral treatment has the following advantages: ① nucleoside analogues - lamivudine and adefovir and entecavir, and so there is a strong role in inhibiting the virus; ② long-acting interferon - the emergence of pegylated interferon efficacy of traditional interferon improved; ③ Immunoenhancer thymosin as' a 1 has been proven to enhance the efficacy of anti-HBV; ④ joint (sequential) therapy so that the number of treatment options, the effect has also increased to varying degrees; ⑤ has shown that choosing the right time to treatment (that is, alanine transferase increased ALT, it is best for the normal limit of 2 times, 10 times less), long-term treatment (α-interferon for 6 months-1 year, and Latin America Mi Fu is scheduled for 2 to 4 years). Pulse therapy (that is, the intermittent therapy) are an effective way to enhance the effectiveness of treatment; ⑥ part of the Chinese herbal medicine has been confirmed that there is anti-HBV effect. Therefore of the opinion, the right attitude should be to make full use of existing drugs to maximize their strengths. At the same time, take full advantage of the host immune response. To the host immune response period (that is, immune clearance phase) for anti-. HIV treatment in the best period for individualized treatment, that is, 'choosing the right drug, adequate treatment, appropriate joint (sequential), a successful treatment can also choose an appropriate time to carry out further treatment. Some people may think, to discuss whether to cure chronic hepatitis B is largely meaningless. It is true that different points of view does not change the current treatment of the status quo. However, a different point of view of the attitude of physicians and patients will have a major impact. The optimists led to patients with high expectations, and ultimately disappointing; pessimists cause patients to lose hope that the existing treatment, resulting in reduced its compliance difficult to adhere to long-term treatment. The two views are the result of common cause patients to lose confidence in the classic method, "desperately trying", at the end when the false advertising. As a result, should allow doctors and patients are aware that although the current treatment of chronic hepatitis B is no medicine: but effective drugs continue to occur, each other, as long as the patient closely with active treatment is ultimately beneficial to the rehabilitation of the disease.

The cure chronic hepatitis B standards, including clinical cure, the basic cure and complete cure of the three. The so-called clinical cure for the disease state of hepatitis B patients, the treatment of liver function entirely can be found for the resumption of regular clinical cure. The so-called fundamental and complete cure is a cure for hepatitis B for all people, both carriers of the virus, but also the incidence of hepatitis B patients state that the hepatitis B virus replication of the main indicators (hepatitis B e antigen, hepatitis B virus - Ribonucleic acid) testing negative, normal liver function, and can last a year or more. Complete cure is the hepatitis B virus antigens in all the indicators into negative, no check liver hepatitis B virus to exist. Currently, clinical cure is relatively easy, the basic cure is extremely difficult, almost impossible to completely heal. The majority of chronic hepatitis B can be achieved clinical cure and the basic cure, but needed a longer time. After proper rest, nutrition and reasonable and appropriate medical treatment can often make the e antigen negative, negative HBV DNA, normal serum aminotransferase, in stable condition. But pay no attention, often relapse, it should adhere to long-term treatment, so that the disease over the longer term stability, in order to recover from the basic. Surface antigen negative, but the more difficult, along the current lack of effective treatment, about 2% -4% of the natural rate of negative after treatment, the rate may be slightly negative, but it is difficult to over 10% .

In general, the prognosis of hepatitis is the most well-intentioned, is suffering from acute hepatitis can be smoothly restored, will not develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer, but does have hepatitis B patients with long-term Buyu, and gradually develop into cirrhosis and eventually the development of Liver cancer. Abroad, there have been reports of chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen occurred in the risk of liver cancer than non-carriers more than 200 times higher. 95% of primary liver cancer patients by chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers evolved. Why a small number of patients suffering from hepatitis B and primary liver cancer can occur adverse change? Its mechanism is not yet entirely clear, so there is no effective way to prevent these cases. Some scholars believe that since the hepatitis B virus is the culprit, then the prevention of hepatitis B will help reduce the occurrence of liver cancer. Dissenting scientists believe that the occurrence of liver cancer is very complex factors, the hepatitis B virus is only the beginning cause of action. Because many people infected with the hepatitis B virus, only a part of the development of cirrhosis, primary liver cancer only a small number of people. The treatment of hepatitis B prevention is very important, but to take a single measure may not be able to solve the problem should be resolved through comprehensive measures for the prevention of chronic hepatitis B, and to prevent the occurrence of cancer. For example, is suffering from hepatitis B should be treated as soon as possible; liver damage as much as possible to avoid the use of the drug; to avoid the harmful physical stimulation factor to reduce the X-ray and radioactive substances on the exposure of the liver; should minimize a variety of infections and early treatment to avoid All kinds of trauma and surgery. Anesthesia, surgical trauma have adverse liver function, the necessary choices as far as possible in the restoration of liver function after surgery. Should avoid alcohol, especially alcohol. Primary liver cancer to develop into more complex factors, in addition to the reasons for the virus, aflatoxin in food, drinking too much content of nitrosamine, in close contact with certain metals such as platinum, copper, zinc, etc. Are related to the occurrence of liver cancer. In addition, the occurrence of liver cancer with immune-related. Normal human cells in the body of frequent cancer, cancer cells may be formed, but the body's immune system to clear these cells have the ability, no human cancer. When the human immune system weakens, the cancer-prone. Enhance the physical, and enhance the body's immune system, but also to prevent the occurrence of liver cancer important area. Hepatitis B patients have a healthy lifestyle, regular daily life, proper physical and mental exercise, maintain an optimistic mood, do not eat moldy food, diet should be light and should be full of vitamins and protein, and so on, so as to enhance physical fitness and improve Immunity to prevent the occurrence of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.

◆ patients with hepatitis B can be married my birth? A reader calls that they are suffering from Hepatitis B, are in love, her boyfriend, but I do not know that they have hepatitis B, can not be asked to marry, not to have children? A: First of all you have to protect her boyfriend, he should play hepatitis B vaccine, another concern for the next generation. Patients with hepatitis B can, of course, get married, there is no provision can not be married. As long as the right to take measures to block and is also able to reproductive health of the baby. Patients usually have to take care of themselves, do not drink, do not stay up all night because of alcohol on the liver damage, fatigue is not conducive to the health of hepatitis B patients.

◆ "positive" the mother during pregnancy need to fight hepatitis B immune globulin? Several pregnant mother said into the phone, and some doctors who recommended in late pregnancy 7, 8, 9 the three-month injection of hepatitis B immune globulin. However, some doctors also do not have to fight. How to do that in the end? A: With regard to this issue, currently on an academic dispute, the pregnant mother to fight hepatitis B immunoglobulin that is a pediatrician in Shanghai put forward. However, by the Chinese Medical Association credits liver disease and the Chinese Medical Association credits will be infected with a joint set of "guidelines for prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B China" is not recommended. Because, the experts agreed that for the time being, to fight hepatitis B immunoglobulin during pregnancy did not gain much from it, the placenta is a barrier, globulin is difficult to penetrate and pass it to the baby. Guidelines made it clear that "positive" the mother of the baby after birth within 24 hours of playing pin the first hepatitis B immune globulin and the hepatitis B vaccine 10ug (in different parts of the body), the sooner the better; in the month and then Six months and then were shot more than two injection. This efficient method of blocking up to 85% to 95%, but can not say 100%.

◆ "positive" mothers can breastfeed baby? A: As for the e antigen-negative (Xiao Sanyang), DNA-negative and liver function to normal mothers, WHO China and "B Guide" can be pointed out that breast-feeding children, there will not be much risk (of course, the baby should be vaccinated B Liver hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin).

◆ immunoglobulin and vaccine facilities time to play out the error, how do? One reader said, because the children played hepatitis A vaccine, so other people in the recommendation of the hepatitis B vaccine needle in the second time in the future push for a whole month, I do not know will not affect the hepatitis B antibody production? Readers also said that needle in the second half of the immunoglobulin in advance, do not need to be in a month when an important qualification injection? A: If there is the inevitable difficulties in the second and third pin needle in terms of time can be a little deviation, the second needle in time before and after one week to play in the third ahead of a needle can be pushed on or after 2 months , That is, in the 5 to 8 months can be. However, in order to insurance purposes, or should be playing on time. If too much time on the deviation of the results can not be ascertained, the blind do not need to play up. In the third month after the end of the Zhenda check blood of hepatitis B surface antibody, in the absence of antibody concentration or have less than 10 international units, can be re-played.

◆ not have hepatitis B antibodies can not be pregnant right? A woman said her husband Huanyi Gan, all five of their negative hit consecutive three-pin in the security (for a hepatitis B vaccine), not search for blood antibodies, can you pregnant? A: All you show negative health, pregnancy can be, must not be pregnant antibodies. If you do not trust, can play a course of treatment, and then check antibody. There are about 10% of the people that do not produce antibodies to fight no matter how many times the dose did not play much, this is the gene.

◆ Heptodin resistance, when the dressing was changed so why should it take? A hepatitis B patients with calls that had been eating Heptodin, now resistance, doctors recommended dressing change, but I also insist on eating Heptodin three months, which is why? A: Yes, because of adefovir dipivoxil effect more slowly, so the dressing was changed before the Heptodin should eat at the same time the three-month Heptodin and adefovir dipivoxil, and then stopped Heptodin.

◆ surface-positive, the core-positive, normal liver function, and how this is going on? A: You have this situation that you are recovering, it is very gratifying. But there is 1% of the virus to hide or genetic mutation of the virus, the reagent can not find in general. But now there is a special reagent can be found out, blood can not fasting. In addition, the review recommended HBVDNA.

"China's hepatitis epidemic and its related issues analysis," the survey's 18 provinces from 583 patients, with an annual income of 3000 yuan -20000 yuan accounted for 89.7 percent, of which 24% of the surveyed Those who borrow from the cost of hospital treatment. The average length of stay in patients with hepatitis in outpatient fees and expenses for a total of 17,988 yuan. To hepatitis B and hepatitis C mainly of chronic hepatitis, is the impact on the lives of our people and lead to the relevant economic, social progress of the problem of sexual diseases, especially Hepatitis B. Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis If 20,000,000 people per year in direct economic losses caused by about 360,000,000,000 yuan. The report also revealed that in viral hepatitis and related diseases, accounting for about half of the patients at their own expense

1. Tired and weak Such symptoms are common in patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis of the common symptoms. The general level of liver disease and the severity of the line, and with hepatitis and gradually improved to reduce the extent of its uneven. Those who can not feel light work of the e-lasting fatigue, reduce productivity. Feeling of malaise are serious, heavy legs, slightly up body will feel weak and can not support the required bed rest. Fatigue occurred because of the weak: (1) of the liver cell damage Damage to liver cells, resulting in decreased blood cholinesterase, nerves and muscles caused by the combination of physiological disorders, so that the role of medium neurotransmitter acetylcholine release in a timely manner can not be destroyed, a long time the role of striated muscle, so that over-excited rhabdomyosarcoma and to Into the curb. (2) sugar metabolism Hepatitis in the process of sugar metabolism disorders, liver glycogen to lactic acid into the slow process to make lactic acid accumulation in muscle tissues. At the same time, glucose metabolism disorder, but also adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to generate the reduction in muscle energy shortage. (3) salt retention Liver illness, the effects of bile excretion. Bile salt retention in the body, and the bile salt cholinesterase inhibition. (4) the lack of Vitamin E When the liver is sick poor excretion of bile, bile in digestion and absorption of fat there are obstacles to affect the absorption of vitamin E in the body so that vitamin E decreased. Vitamin E has a body-conditioning system, organizations can reduce the oxygen consumption will help to strengthen the Organization of hypoxia tolerance. A lack of vitamin E, muscle oxygen consumption increased, leading to muscular dystrophy, symptoms appear weak. 2. Fever Liver disease is generally no fever, and fever were mainly observed in acute viral hepatitis. Early pre-jaundice and jaundice and fever have obvious symptoms, jaundice and reached the peak after the decline of fever, symptoms improved significantly. If the sharp onset of serious jaundice, fever continues to heat, often to poor prognosis, such as severe viral hepatitis (acute, subacute hepatic necrosis) may have a high fever. Chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis patients with recurrent fever and for the following reasons: (1), liver necrosis; (2) bacterial infection of the biliary complications; (3) other parts of the body's infection complications; (4) ascites after the release of the infection. 3. Weight loss Weight loss to determine, in accordance with normal body weight. The reason is that the weight loss: reduce the incidence of post-diet, digestive dysfunction, the body protein, vitamins, fat, and other synthetic dysfunction, hyper metabolism, systemic consumption. Obviously, such as weight loss, chronic liver disease are seen in a long time, those with liver cirrhosis.

General contact with infectious hepatitis B According to experts, hepatitis B virus is mainly spread through blood, a common meal, collective life, mosquito bites, such as daily life is not borne viruses, hepatitis B virus to the ordinary people fear the psychological harm far beyond reality. Some people think that hepatitis B virus will spread in our daily lives, their reasoning process: hepatitis B is an infectious disease, is infectious, it is bound to infectious; since the infectious, if the health of people and patients with hepatitis B Eating, living, working with the same work, with the study on hepatitis B infected sooner or later. This view is wrong. Over the years, countries around the world carried out by epidemiological studies have shown that hepatitis B virus is spread through blood, there is the main way of mother to child transmission, iatrogenic spread of sexually transmitted and so on. Epidemiological studies show that hepatitis B virus will not spread in the following ways: kiss (with the exception of oral mucosa damaged), a common meal, blood-sucking arthropods (mosquitoes, bugs, etc.) bites, collective life (with the exception of sharing a toothbrush, razor And so on can lead to skin and mucous membrane injury). Even if the virus into normal human digestive tract and the respiratory tract, which will be the body's skin and mucous membrane, juice and other non-specific immune system by blocking, rather than infection. As a result, colleagues, students and contacts between the general spread of hepatitis B virus, the possibility is almost zero, so people refuse to hepatitis B virus carriers kindergarten enrollment based on the lack of medicine.

According to the latest statistical figures show that the current global hepatitis B virus carriers has reached 350,000,000, of which 1.2 million people in China, bringing the rate of nearly 10%. Experts said that China's hepatitis B infection in the current situation is still grim. This is the recently held a reporter from the China Hepatitis Prevention Foundation, the second of the third meeting of the Council was informed of. It is reported that the world had been infected with hepatitis B virus, the number of 20 million, of which China accounted for 690,000,000; the world die each year from hepatitis B virus-induced diseases in patients with up to 750,000 people, China has 280,000 people. According to the Foundation for relevant person in charge, in 1992, the World Health Organization has been advocating all hepatitis B virus infection rate of more than 8 percent of the country in 1995 before the hepatitis B virus vaccine into national immunization program. China responded positively to the call, and announced that all of the January 1, 2002-born infants against hepatitis B vaccine free of charge. In the face of China's hepatitis B prevalence of severe situation, the Government's strong support for hepatitis B prevention and control planning, assistance to China Hepatitis Prevention Foundation to carry out poverty-stricken areas and remote areas of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in the meeting, Han Dalian letter biological system Medicine Co., Ltd. also donated to the Foundation 600,000 "Hansenula Ryan," a new generation of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. The vaccine has been made in the country through the new drug certificate and the State Food and Drug Administration GMP Certification

Recently, the 2005 Shanghai liver health check on the activities of obligation ended. At the closing ceremony and the activities of the last keynote speech at the meeting of experts, Professor Qu Yao Long Hospital, Hongqiao Hospital, an associate professor Xu Xueqiang again by the large number of liver problems, "the siege." On the whole, we are extremely concerned about three major issues. One problem: hepatitis patients infected with hepatitis B will become the high-risk groups? Some of the recurrent stomach pains were even worried that will not be a precursor of stomach bleeding. Xu Xueqiang: hepatitis A virus and hepatitis B virus from a fundamental point of view is nothing to do with the two viruses, from the molecular formula and analysis of the organizational structure of the virus, which does not exist between the two types of the virus into each other. Under normal circumstances, an acute hepatitis A, can be completely cured. Of course, hepatitis patients before they have recovered in the low immunity, if not pay attention to health, is likely to repeat infected with the hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B and patients are also infected with hepatitis A virus may overlap, but the overlap is no evidence that infection Each can become each other's reasons for the high-risk disease. The various types of hepatitis virus, known only to HDV parasitism is the hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B virus strains of the Department of variants. Second problem: The most important rule is to reduce the hepatitis B GOT? Quyao: serum aminotransferase is an important indicator of liver function, so a lot of people very concerned about the transaminase indicators, the drop was happy the other hand are concerned about. This is a very one-sided. ALT is a cell of a catalyst, in liver cells in the highest levels in the blood levels are very low. When liver damage, liver transaminase from the cells will run out into the blood, blood tests can be reflected, but can only reflect the sensitivity of the liver is hurt and does not reflect the specific causes of injury, caused by liver cell injury There are many reasons, the virus is only one aspect. In the absence of further investigation, the simple use of the drug JiangMei possible to cover up the truth about the disease. Therefore, only the eyes gaze at the transaminase are destructive. Three problems: the more Yaochi liver, liver protection force, the stronger? Xu Xueqiang: no need to drug metabolism in the liver and degradation of the liver with too many drugs will only increase the burden on the liver, and sometimes even drug-induced hepatitis. Liver disease is the use of strict clinical indications for other people's drug use may not be suitable for you. Therefore we must closely coordinate and doctors, not any of the prescribed drugs are extremely dangerous.

Doctors: Hello! I am a student at the school. As the medical school when they find themselves infected with the hepatitis B virus, was very depressed. I do not know how to do, should take the initiative to tell others that he is a Hepatitis B. I know that other people Jipa discrimination after me, I am afraid to hepatitis B infection to others. Therefore, I become very lonely, introverted, afraid of contact and talk with other people. Please tell me that I should do? Thanks! Lamb Friends: Hello! In medical school, when you find yourself infected with the hepatitis B virus, but it is not just infection, but has long been infected. It could well be that you just from your birth parents when infected, but you just do not know. In that case, for so many years and you infection to a few people? There may be, there may be no one. This is because infectious hepatitis B is not strong, general contact with the hepatitis B is not spread to other people. It was investigated the infection rate among couples, so that the spouse Huanyi Gan, however 6% to 10%. But now the country has been advocating the kinds of students in Cape hepatitis B vaccine. As a result, this is not what is immoral. As long as no other students to use the glass and go, the most important thing is not to mix with teeth, it is necessary to cause the spread of HBV. In fact, these are very easy to do, it is common sense hygiene is not infected with hepatitis B, should do the same. If students know, we told them: "Do not be afraid, you have to play the vaccine will not be infected, I will pay attention to personal hygiene." Hepatitis B infection as long found a piece of skin ringworm, a foot Athlete's foot (athlete's foot) as ordinary. Paper ringworm and athlete's foot fungal infections are also a certain degree of infectious, but they do not mix with others or share Jiaopen underwear on the line, no one carried its own feet, or pointing to their stomachs to tell others about their longer Ringworm. I have seen in 2003's first 5 "readers" in an article said that a man learning to dance, and the first woman to dance, for fear that the step on other people's feet, always bow to look at the dancing feet . At this time, she told him that if you always look at the legs, other people will pay attention to your feet, you will note that not dance; If you looked up, smiled, dancing, other people will only pay attention to your To be responsible, can not see your feet, do not pay attention to how you jump. The men listened to the President, do not pay attention to his feet, he really jumped on it very easily, a very good. Since then, the men realize a truth, you know their weaknesses, wanted to correct the way, if this is not to correct the shortcomings, you forget it, do not pay attention to it, and do other things, you have to play Strengths. In this way, others will not necessarily pay attention to it. I do not know the story of whether or not you have to help.

In the past, there are a pair of young rural youth, in the first three days of marriage to Wang Dongfeng, director of Guangzhou's Changan hospital pre-marital medical examination, the woman found the results of hepatitis B Dasan Yang, the man no problem. Cried the girl on the spot, crying good heart, the man's parents did not agree that his son marry the girl, stopped for marriage. Dr. Wang Zhuren although at that time to the boys and their families to do the work of thinking, this is the treatment of hepatitis B Dasan Yang, and does not affect the fertility of marriage, but the man on the deep-rooted fear of hepatitis B and eventually into marriage or not . Although the girls finally cured the disease, but there is the psychological shadow for a long time he could not allay. This case shows that many people now have a fear of hepatitis B, together with the community on a number of inappropriate publicity, a lot of people even afraid of contact with the hepatitis B patients, let alone make friends, get married, and so on. In that case, what the correct treatment of hepatitis B patients, especially the boys how to treat your girlfriend does hepatitis B? From the talk about the following aspects: First, the prevalence of: China currently has hepatitis B and hepatitis B carriers as many as 120,000,000, of which women have about 4 to 5 million. If so many girls can not make friends, marriage, fertility, China has also increased the number of bachelor. Second, hepatitis B and hepatitis B virus carriers distinction: The community because many people confuse these two concepts, as long as that found HBSAG () Hepatitis B is. In fact, they have a lot of difference, the real is the clinical symptoms of hepatitis B, liver function abnormalities repeatedly about half a year, while non-uniform B super-spot, positive markers of hepatitis B or hepatitis B mutant positive patients, no clinical hepatitis B carriers Symptoms only B-positive markers, liver function and normal B extra fine for more than six months to 1 year, for many years does not attack. Third, how infectious hepatitis B girlfriend? Depends on the size of his girlfriend's infectious viral replication case may be, at the same time look at the size of the man's resistance. If the man is immune antibody HB-SAB (), will not be infected. Immune antibody negative by injection for the prevention of hepatitis B vaccine. Fourth, his girlfriend of Hepatitis B will be transmitted to family members, colleagues and friends? Will not. Hepatitis B is transmitted diseases of digestive tract instead of the spread of respiratory tract disease, that is to say, for hepatitis B is transmitted through body fluids. The so-called bodily fluids, including the importation of blood containing the hepatitis B virus, the use of dirty syringes, dental extraction equipment used by the hepatitis B virus there, and so on. Only hepatitis B virus into the blood, will be transmitted. If a patient with hepatitis B face-to-face talk with the bacteria attached to the saliva of normal people are physically damaged, but also into the blood, normally have a talent may be on hepatitis B infection. Under normal circumstances, the words will not cause food-borne hepatitis. Fifth, hepatitis B and whether to marry his girlfriend? From the medical point of view, not as long as his girlfriend in the incidence of hepatitis or have not been diagnosed with liver cirrhosis can be married my girlfriend only if the health of people living with hepatitis B, can get married. As an example of the front speakers, breaking up or why, on the other side from the need to find a reason. Sixth, hepatitis B and his girlfriend to marry, whether to pregnancy? If the girlfriend of acute hepatitis B and cure the basic stability of the more than six months, chronic hepatitis and up to improve standards of stability for more than 1 year, to be pregnant. Seven, B's wife, children, the virus will be passed on to my children? At present, the prevention of hepatitis B is more comprehensive and successful as long as a doctor in the liver, under the guidance of prevention, that is, pregnant women and newborns to implement the "three block" --- in the newborn was born within 24 hours of injection timely and efficient price B Liver immune globulin, followed by the 2, 3, 5, were re-injection of hepatitis B vaccine can effectively prevent the infection of hepatitis B virus, a success rate of 95%, that is, there are more than 95% of the newborns will not be infected with B Liver. In short, hepatitis B patients need to understand people, to support his girlfriend B need to redouble her care.

At present, the treatment of chronic hepatitis B is a worldwide problem. Many patients with chronic hepatitis B, the use of multi-drug treatment, but the effect is not clear that the overall incidence of the disease recurring. Have become chronic hepatitis B, and the structure of the hepatitis B virus infection means immune characteristics and other factors are closely related. First of all, people infected with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B virus in the blood have a hard protein shell. As a result, the treatment of hepatitis B drug is difficult to have a direct effect on the virus and must rely on the body's immune function. Second, the hepatitis B virus replication in liver cells for the treatment of small molecule drugs to be material to enter the liver cells play an antiviral effect. Hepatitis B virus in human liver tissues other than the average incubation period of 90-120 days, the anti-viral drugs to be useful, must be given the necessary treatment, the treatment system. Third, the hepatitis B virus in some drugs, the virus gene mutation occurs, the resistance or immune evasion. Thus in the choice of drugs should be careful. Fourth, the hepatitis B virus infection after liver cells, with the extension of the course, the virus may be related to liver cells have a gene integration. In the event of such a phenomenon, the treatment will significantly increase the degree of difficulty. As a result, the treatment of hepatitis B must be timely. In addition, the vertical transmission of hepatitis B vulnerable to the formation of immune tolerance. Infected with hepatitis B virus infection in the mother of the fetus through the placenta, the birth of a child, because of inadequate development of the immune system, immune function is not complete, can not identify the hepatitis B virus, resulting in hepatitis B virus infection. Moreover, the hepatitis B virus replication of the model is different from the virus, the virus will replicate the original template, such as the formation and stability of the liver and stored in the cell nucleus, the general anti-viral drugs on the template invalid, after the drug in patients with hepatitis B The disease often occur repeatedly.

◆ mother to child transmission. It is China's hepatitis B virus infection is the main cause. Suffering from acute hepatitis B and HBsAg carrying mothers may be of Hepatitis B transmission to the newborn. This is the essence of blood-borne transmission. ◆ way to spread menstrual blood. Including the hepatitis B virus with the importation of blood and blood products, unclean injection, surgery, tooth extraction, tattoos, acupuncture, pierced ears, endoscopy and medical personnel, such as stab wounds to the accident. Now as a result of increased screening of blood donors, blood transfusion caused by the spread of hepatitis B have been few. However, a small number of HBVDNA positive, and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative blood may still undetected. So, by way of blood spread of hepatitis B has not totally eradicated. ◆ iatrogenic spread. Mainly due to strict disinfection without the use of non-disposable syringes, caused by endoscopy. Therefore, efforts should be made to implement a one-time medical equipment. Now the country is on the endoscope disinfection more stringent disinfection norms, which can greatly reduce the spread of iatrogenic. ◆ sexually transmitted. The spread of HBsAg-positive rate of 5.44 percent, and social life in general contact the HBsAg positive rate of only 0.68 percent. Therefore, in the family, HBsAg-positive spouse than the other family members more vulnerable to hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is caused by sexual transmission of important reasons. ◆ daily lives of ordinary contact. This mainly refers to the exchange of body fluids have access to life, such as sharing razors, toothbrushes, and other health supplies. Therefore, the spread among family members see more. In addition, approximately 40% of those chronically infected with the virus in saliva, so saliva can also cause the spread. However, the sharing of office supplies, money exchange, the dining public, and so on, generally will not cause the spread.

There are 690,000,000 people are infected with hepatitis B virus, and many readers call the Yangzi Evening News asked whether this meant that more than half of our people are suffering from Hepatitis B? Yesterday, this reporter interviewed the experts in the treatment of hepatitis B, the second in Nanjing Zhao Wei, vice president of the hospital. Zhao Wei told reporters that hepatitis B virus-infected people is divided into three types. The first one is hidden infection, hepatitis B virus infection in the only body within the "tourist" of the trip, followed by the body's immune system to clear, eliminated from the body directly from the intestine and was not infected with any pathological reactions in the body There is no residual virus, the health of people is no different. The second is that people living with HIV, hepatitis B virus infection in the body of such long-term "stay" down and start breeding a lot, but the infected person does not have any symptoms of the virus and the body of "peaceful coexistence." The third is that patients with hepatitis B, after a long carry, "peaceful coexistence" state is broken and the beginning of hepatitis B virus attacks the human body liver, leading to a series of digestive tract infection symptoms to appear. Hepatitis B virus in China's total population of the high infection rate is about 57.6 percent, calculated as China's 6.9 billion people have been infected with hepatitis B virus, but the vast majority of the first type of hidden-infected people, the real People living with about 1.2 million, while the number of patients are relatively fewer. The news does not make clear that the "infection" and "infected" the difference between easily lead to misunderstanding. Zhao also said that from a medical point of view, the hepatitis B virus infection rate high in fact quite normal, because we live in an environment everywhere is full of a wide range of viruses and bacteria, the body may be in the moment they are infected However, because of our strong immunity, the majority of the invading virus, bacteria have been removed. When the decline in immunity, these bacteria may be based on the virus to take root and eventually against our bodies. Not to hepatitis B, the most effective way or vaccination. Hepatitis B virus carriers should be regular check-ups at the hospital, close observation of changes in the body.