LuckCong's Health Blog

1. Do not become chronic hepatitis Chronic hepatitis may be transformed into liver cirrhosis or cancer. So, unfortunately, had acute hepatitis, should try not to let it develop into chronic hepatitis. How should we do? Adequate rest In the current treatment for hepatitis, no drug effects, the rest is the most appropriate treatment measures. Suffering from acute hepatitis, should be "quiet". In general, many doctors advocate bed rest for a period of time. This is because bed rest, you can reduce the physical consumption, but also increase the liver's blood flow. The experiments show that bed rest when the blood flow, than to stand, 40% per cent more. Therefore, bed rest, to ensure the regeneration of the repair needed nutrients. The better to rest, his condition is improving faster, more complete. If the patient began to have symptoms of jaundice, when jaundice subsided, the symptoms improved significantly after a day of activities to get up to 12 hours, but patients should not feel the fatigue as the least. , Along with the gradual improvement of the condition, growing activities, we must not grasp the degree of fatigue. However, after a meal or to stay in bed for 12 hours. In the recovery period, the patient's activity can be increased, it is necessary to "move, step by step." It was not until the symptoms disappeared, normal liver function examination, the patient will be able to carry out a certain period of time every day of the exercise. These training activities to a small amount, such as a walk, play tai chi, qigong Lian Lian. So after one or two months of close observation, his condition has always been stable, normal liver function, the patient can return to work. A half-day start, a gradual transition to full-time work. However, even if it is to restore the Quanri Ban should also avoid the intense physical activity, to engage in mental work, have to be careful not to overwork at the same time to ensure adequate time for sleep. Reasonable nutrition In the deployment of a reasonable diet, with the rest, hepatitis is an important treatment. Hepatitis patients want to eat eat, but should not blindly pursue the "three high and one low" (referring to high-sugar, high-protein, high vitamin and low fat) diet. Or eat some fresh vegetables and fruits as well. Some patients had hepatitis, desperately sugar, so to say, "the liver." In fact, this is a misunderstanding, because too much sugar, can lead to fatty liver, hepatitis add to the original lesion. In addition, too much sugar, invisible in the liver and pancreas to increase the burden on the body so that the occurrence of glucose metabolism disorders. Protein is not too good. This is because the protein into the human body, will increase the burden on the liver. Some people got hepatitis, in particular, fear of fat, greasy food is not Ganchi, this is not good, fat is an important source of energy for the human body, low fat the body can not meet patient needs. Alcoholic drinks and tobacco taboo Like drinking poison hepatitis patients. The wine is the main component of ethanol, the alcohol in the liver will be converted into acetaldehyde. Ethanol and acetaldehyde are liver cells, the direct damage to liver cells so that the degeneration or necrosis. Regular drinkers, many people will have hepatitis or alcoholic fatty liver, both to develop long-term disease, cirrhosis may be. Therefore, had hepatitis, to alcohol. Tobacco also contains a number of substances hazardous to health, these harmful substances, the same need for liver detoxification. As a result, the smoke so that the burden of the liver, liver effects. Had hepatitis should also quit smoking. Rational Use of Drugs Liver, the liver cells have a lot of features, is the regeneration ability, and had hepatitis, liver cells can repair themselves. For the time being, although the treatment of viral hepatitis in a considerable number of drugs, but the real effects of drugs can play, and no one. What is more, "is one-third of drug toxicity," no matter how good medicine is also subject to the detoxification of the liver, the liver is a burden. So, with hepatitis, not to do that, just get some medicine to eat, or specialists in accordance with the views of several drugs to choose it. The so-called "liver medicine", not too much, too freely and too miscellaneous. The key is to have a good rest for a period of time. The prevention of other diseases Had acute hepatitis, but also to prevent other diseases. For example, when cold, it is necessary to prevent the common cold; summer, carefully enteritis, dysentery. Although this is more "mantra" of the topic, but if not pay attention to, the other on a disease will definitely affect the resumption of hepatitis. This is because of other diseases, it is necessary to take medicine, it is necessary to take medicine after a liver detoxification, there is a certain degree of liver damage. If a last resort, should not have to take medicine, and we should try to choose a small damage to the liver may be used. Married women of childbearing age, is suffering from hepatitis, take care not pregnant. Pregnancy will increase the affordability of the liver, and are not conducive to the rehabilitation of the disease. About the author: Xue-Yi Tsai, the city of Zibo in Shandong Province Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, deputy director of Physicians (Zip code: 255026 Zibo) 2. Transaminase how much is normal? Reflect liver function tests, many of which reflect liver cell injury, "ALT" (ALT or GPT) the most sensitive. Serum ALT vitality of the normal 25 to 40 units Lai. Higher than normal rate of 2 to 3 times the upper limit, the mild increase; greater than the normal 5 to 10 times the upper limit, for significantly increased; However, the rate of increase is not proportional to the extent and severity of the disease. Acute liver injury (such as acute or chronic viral hepatitis acute), ALT increased significantly Chang Cheng; other than liver diseases such as heart disease, pneumonia, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, nephritis, as well as other local infection can cause ALT slightly higher. It mildly elevated ALT, should be excluded on the basis of other diseases, can be considered for liver disease. Must not only based on a mild ALT increased inspections, given the hepatitis patients to wear "hats." In addition, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis was concealed progress, ALT may be normal, so normal ALT, liver disease and can not be ruled out. Another aminotransferase, known as "AST" (AST or GOT), its liver cell injury secondary to the sensitivity of ALT, but it may reflect the degree of liver cell injury, such as AST was significantly higher, and ALT is greater than the rate of increase, while the extent of liver damage prompted heavier. γ-glutamic acid transaminase (referred to as γ-GT or GGT, γ Greek word for mother, who as a "gamma") on acute liver injury as the sensitivity of ALT, but some of the sensitivity of chronic liver injury is better than ALT. For example, the recovery phase of acute hepatitis have residual disease or chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis was concealed progress, ALT may be normal, but the γ-GT is high; alcoholic liver injury, liver cancer when, γ-GT was also Significantly increased. So check serum γ-GT, can make up for the lack of ALT single check, check with the two, both early detection of acute liver injury, chronic liver disease can track whether progress was concealed or cancer. 3. "Dasan Yang" and "Xiao Sanyang" "Half-and-half" As a result of the hepatitis C virus infection caused by a class of infectious diseases. Hepatitis B is one of a kind, referred to as "B." Caused by the "B" of the virus, known as "hepatitis B virus." Hepatitis B virus into the human blood, we must grow propagation inside. Their way of reproduction, that is, in the human body "to copy." As the name suggests, "copy" the virus is in accordance with the original look, and then produce a new virus. Of course, this process is very complicated. Since the blood with hepatitis B virus, doctors will be able to be tested way to check them out. The check is from a patient's forearm vein, taking a small amount of blood serum isolated from serum, check the hepatitis B virus, "traces." General hepatitis B screening test, there are 5, it is often said that the "half-and-half." "Half-and-half" of the inspection results, the addition and subtraction, (that is, +, -). (+), Said that the positive-negative ;(-), said. This 5 inspection, are: - Surface antigen (referred to as: HBsAg); - Surface antibody (referred to as: anti-HBs); - E antigen (referred to as: HBeAg); - E antibody (referred to as: anti-Be); - Core antibody (referred to as: anti-HBc). Next, we turn to go through these tests. 1. Surface antigen (HBsAg) antigen on the surface is in the past has often been said that the "anti-Australian." "Anti-O" is the "Australia antigen" referred to, since it was first discovered in Australia, so called "anti-Australian." Although the structure of hepatitis B virus is very simple, but it also has a shell. This shell is a protein, which is the "surface antigen." Its appearance marked the existence of a hepatitis B virus. Therefore, if the tests "surface antigen" positive, it means the body is infected with hepatitis B virus. 2. Surface antibody (anti-HBs) of the hepatitis B virus penetrated the body, the body will produce the material to resist it. This substance is a protein, known as "antibody." Antibodies to the human body has the capacity to protect. The body had a "prima facie antibodies", it means that the body of the hepatitis B virus had a resistance. Now many people against the "hepatitis B vaccine," then the body would have "antibodies on the surface," check "on the surface antibodies", will be positive. At this time, but you hope that the "surface antibody" is the best positive, which you sign injection of hepatitis B vaccine, vaccination is successful, will not be transmitted on the "B". 3. e antigen (HBeAg) e antigen of hepatitis B virus replication is a sign. It can determine the size of the contagious. If you have a check e antigen positive, it means hepatitis B virus replication active in the human body, large amount of virus in blood, strong infectious. Therefore, e antigen-positive is not a good thing. 4. e antibody (anti-HBe) check e-discovery, said that hepatitis B is relatively better, to bring the patient is good news. Because it's positive, marking the hepatitis B virus replication from active to relatively static, to reduce the amount of virus in blood, infectious relatively reduced. 5. Core antibody (anti-HBc) is the core of human antibodies infected with the hepatitis B virus, first appeared in an antibody. However, its role in the protection of the human body does not. Positive, plus more if the (medical view is that "high-titer"), suggesting that virus replication is infectious also strong. If the past is strongly positive, although positive, plus a decrease, that has won the "B", which should be positive about the persistence of a few years or decades. Above is just a simple knowledge of doctors in accordance with the actual test knot Fruit in diagnosing a patient's condition, to be integrated on many factors, such as the popular history, clinical symptoms and other test results, do not rely on one or two test results on the conclusions. "Dasan Yang" The so-called "Dasan Yang", referring to the "surface antigen", "core antibody" and "e antigen" At the same time positive. - "Surface antigen" positive, said infected with the hepatitis B virus; - "Core antibody" positive, said that the hepatitis B virus infection, the virus is active in the human body and reproduction, infectious. - "E antigen" positive, said hepatitis B virus replication is. If the patient has "Dasan Yang" on hepatitis B virus replication active in the human body. The patient's blood, as well as saliva, semen, milk has virus, highly contagious so. If you check the patient's ALT was also high on the need for active treatment, isolation note that at the same time, not to hepatitis infection to others. "Xiao Sanyang" The so-called "Xiao Sanyang," referring to the "surface antigen", "core antibody" and "e-" at the same time. Careful readers may find, "Dasan Yang" and "Xiao Sanyang", the first two are positive, the difference is the third different. "Dasan Yang" "e antigen" positive, "Xiao Sanyang" is the "e-" positive. Laboratory "Xiao Sanyang," the patient, although that has been infected with the hepatitis B virus, but, "e-", marked the virus's replication from static to dynamic, with the virus in the blood significantly reduced infection Also relatively lower. Therefore, "Xiao Sanyang," said the patient's condition changed for the better. There is another argument for the formation of virus mutation by Xiao Sanyang. 4. "Anti-Australian" not to be positive treatment "Anti-O," "hepatitis B surface antigen" In the past, the name of its English is referred to as "HBsAg". If the inspection is only "surface antigen" a positive, neither symptoms nor abnormal liver function tests, that is, "hepatitis B surface antigen carriers." See the specific details of this issue "and Dasan Yang Xiao Sanyang," a text. Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers in two cases. One is acute carriers. That is, on many occasions before the inspection, hepatitis B surface antigen are negative, have normal liver function. However, recently infected with the hepatitis B virus, resulting in the positive. This patient's prognosis better. Hepatitis B surface antigen positive in the next six months, to the natural negative. Some people, after half a year after the inspection, it was also possible, "Hepatitis B surface antibody" ( "anti-HBs"). With this antibody, since it will not be a Huangan Yan. The other is chronic carriers. That is, checking hepatitis B surface antigen positive on many occasions, in the six months to a year, not negative. However, their continued normal liver function. Such a hepatitis B surface antigen negative more difficult each year of negative natural rate of no more than 2% -3%. For people living with chronic hepatitis B surface antigen, there is no sure and effective drug therapies. It can be said that all the treatment of chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers of the effect is not ideal, it is difficult to let them negative. There are a number of antiviral drugs or immune modulator, the price is very expensive, most people can not afford to have, and certainly not the effect. Not sure if the liver disease, after a long-term observation, all the indicators do not change, do not have to take the treatment. If you are not sure, and economic conditions, or you can take a number of long-term protection of liver cells and reduce the liver inflammation, prevent or reduce liver fibrosis and Western medicine. In addition, chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers should pay attention to regular review, generally every 3-6 months a review. Check the project should be ultra-B, liver function, AFP and transaminase, white blood cells, platelets, and so on. As long as these items have not changed, we can continue to observe. 5. There are fatty liver, the drug eat what? Fatty liver caused by the most important reason is the long-term intake of high fat, high cholesterol and high-carbohydrate diet, resulting in over-nutrition, and the occurrence of obesity and overweight. Prevention and treatment of fatty liver by: persist in physical activity, weight control, growth, obesity can be a variety of ways to lose weight. Appropriate diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, try to eat less animal fat with a high-cholesterol food such as egg yolk, butter, animal offal (especially the brain, liver, intestines, etc.), aquatic products, as well as the soft-shelled turtles, cuttlefish, squid Fish, Crab and shrimp, clams son of meat, such as cockles. Laboratory examination of blood cholesterol increases may make use of: choline, methionine, inositol, lipid levels, fat-free Shu, Maikang, Shouwu, granules clock security, longevity and Ning Xinmaitong drugs; High triglycerides may make use of: fenofibrate, a liver health, gemfibrozil, will lipid-lowering, Duoxikang, evening primrose oil, Clofibrate, nicotinic acid, amine-dimensional, silymarin, blood lipid calm Sugar, such as liver fat. Drug treatment, blood fat can be picked up, it may have some side effects. "Guodan Pi" and red fruit jam, such as acidic as snacks to eat, both lipid-lowering, no side effects, is the treatment of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in a good way. 6. Hepatitis skin change Had hepatitis, there are some changes in the skin at the meeting. Due to changes in the skin to the naked eye can see, if they have this knowledge, will be on the early detection of disease would certainly be of help. Hepatitis brought changes in the skin, people think first of all may be jaundice, yellow skin and eyes are yellow. We are here, and hepatitis are several other skin manifestations. (1), rash Infected with viral hepatitis, 1/5-1/3 of the skin can occur. There are common erythema, rash. These symptoms often jaundice or other symptoms can occur prior to 1-6 weeks. It was the rash, like the rash of scarlet fever patients, and some are allergic purpura, erythema multiforme, some nerve angioedema. Therefore, once the rash appears, do not forget to check hepatitis. (2) Children papulosis Acrodermatitis This dermatitis patients to 2 to 6-year-old pre-school children the most, a few young people. This time the damage to the skin, usually in the face and limbs at the end, 23 mm size, is the arch-shaped papules, papules integration between each other, or itching. Younger children, rash may be larger. After about two weeks to a month, the rash could take time to subside. When the rash subsided, hepatitis and other symptoms also emerged. (3), urticaria Infected with the hepatitis virus, there will be some people with acute or chronic urticaria, and occur repeatedly. Serious patients can be accompanied by high fever, abdominal pain, and other systemic symptoms. This urticaria and general "ghost wind knots", is not easy to subside, continuing a long time. (4) nail change Hepatitis A bed of nails become turbid, people describe it as "a white", filled with nails and white, sometimes only a nail in front of a small part of the residues are also pink. (5) hair change Some patients with hepatitis thinning hair. The male patient, beard, hair and Ye Mao, will be reduced. This is in the blood of patients with hepatitis men's levels of estrogen-related. (6) skin Scrapie Hepatitis patients have generalized itching of the skin, it was temporary, and that some people are itching continued. Especially in patients who have jaundice, itching skin as early as a few months before jaundice or jaundice appears after year. (7), skin pigmentation If there is no hepatitis after treatment of serious or critical condition, it is possible to change into liver cirrhosis. Cirrhosis patients, the body's skin color will be dark brown. (8) and keeper of the red spider Some patients with liver disease, especially cirrhosis, there will be "spider" and "red palm." "Spider" in a little red skin, the little red, slightly higher than the skin, the red dot from the outside, out of some small capillaries, look like a spider's feet limb, so that it "Spider." If you use a sharp pencil in the little red push the central point, the expansion of capillaries disappeared, the nib of a song, they appeared again. This spider, often in the face, neck and upper parts, in the navel of the following places on the rare. If the patient's liver function improved spider will reduce or even disappear. Erythema appear palm in the palm of your hand or finger Department. In the palm of your hand, thumb and little finger in parts of the roots of the "big fish on the occasion" and "small fish on the occasion." These were part of a diffuse flushing, the pressure of bleaching. Chronic active hepatitis, 1 / 4 of the human skin changes. Such as zebra strip, a hemorrhage, as well as the limitations of lupus erythematosus or scleroderma-like skin manifestations. There are the patients of inflammatory papules, pustules central small, pustular scar left by scars, kind of like the scars left by vaccinia. There are patients, there will be "mixed cryoglobulinemia." The patient's skin has a small purple spots, joint pain, and some of the symptoms of kidney disease, the patient is very weak. These details do not. 7. Yanggan anti-inebriation and a cup of coffee Japan's recent issue of Food magazine, Kyushu University in Nagoya, a professor Code, such as pure as the center's research group, recently published a study: Liver coffee can, and a better hangover effect. The discovery of the principal on the basis that the investigation team confirmed that a cup of coffee and those who do not drink coffee, alanine aminotransferase low. ALT is an important indicator of liver disease, excessive drinking or obesity, its value will be increased immediately. Furuno professor since April 1995 only lasted a year, about 34,000 people from the selected 40-year-old to 69-year-old with liver disease and liver function were normal 12,733 people, as participants in the survey, alanine aminotransferase value of the base, men 50 units for women less than 30 units, higher than the reference value will have abnormal liver function concerns. Daily intake of pure alcohol more than 30 ml of alanine aminotransferase average male is 42 units, which is 2 times the alcohol. However, alcohol intake per day in more than 30 ml of people who do not drink a cup of coffee and coffee are the alanine aminotransferase value is different, and the more coffee, the lower their value. Among those who do not get coffee for 45 units a day to enjoy a glass or two of about 40 units, drinking three to four cups a day were 35 units a day and drink more than 5 cups, about 30 units. As early as 17 years ago, the United States, Dr. Claes and Strong, two of coffee to prevent the possibility of liver cirrhosis, also confirmed that the protection of coffee on the liver to a certain extent. As for the coffee to prevent the effects of liver disease from which there is no such γ tea function. Furuno, a professor of the view that the Liver Perhaps coffee from the coffee itself is not functional, but from the way of life Aihe coffee, and coffee at the same time does not rule out the consumption of butter or ham this role. Research confirmed that the tea does not reduce the recognition of alanine aminotransferase. Furuno professor pointed out that there is coffee to reduce the role of alanine aminotransferase, can not drink in the promotion of non-alcoholics. Because of the caffeine in coffee can promote the discharge of calcium, and easily lead to osteoporosis, especially in menopausal women should be careful, and so on. In addition, caffeine is one of the substances break down the liver, liver function and inadequate capacity of the metabolism of caffeine were also weak, so if a large number of coffee drinking, there are induced to speed up the pulse, Dengzheng the risk of arrhythmia. What better to drink coffee? Professor at Nagoya is recommended seepage-instant coffee or coffee. Coffee because there is an increase in the amount of cholesterol in the blood of the steroid coffee, steaming coffee would be more into the substance, leading to human obesity, and filtered through a filter-Cafe leakage, and the sublimation of the dry ingredients extracted Instant coffee, coffee because of steroids, and other material has been removed, so there is no drinking and allay their worries. 8. Chronic hepatitis patient's serum ALT did not fall but how long do? Part of the hepatitis patients, especially patients with chronic hepatitis serum ALT is not a long-term decline or rise again, even after treatment, such as Liver JiangMei no apparent effect, the reason is as follows: ① C virus continued to replicate and control the immune dysfunction, so that the activities or the development of the disease continued. ② hepatitis virus infection in the double or multiple. ③ due to disease activity, after too little, too much sugar into fat and tonic, resulting in fat, fatty infiltration of the liver, causing fatty liver. ④ more time to the past history of drinking, drinking regular or recovery period, the liver caused by alcohol poisoning. ⑤ long-term or excessive use of too many varieties and hepatitis drugs, sometimes heavier burden on the liver, causing liver damage. ⑥ hepatitis patients complicated with the liver disease outside the system. ⑦ after hepatitis due to the improper use can cause liver damage in some antibiotics, sedatives, antipyretic agent. ⑧ both the liver or gallbladder stones, congenital intrahepatic bile duct dilatation (Caroli's disease). ⑨ not pay attention to rest in the recovery phase of hepatitis, or chronic lack of sleep, and so on, are also likely to hepatitis patients ALT Long-term decline. To analyze the reasons for the treatment of different circumstances and in accordance with the targeted therapy: (1) of long-term and excessive use of the treatment of hepatitis drug in patients with mild chronic hepatitis, non-stop anti-observation for a period of time, sometimes it can do the unexpected. (2) with fatty liver, should be on a diet, appropriate activities to reduce weight, Quzhi drug trial (3) with alcoholic hepatitis, is first and foremost temperance. (4) with drug-induced liver injury, consumers should stop using the drug-related. (5) with other systemic diseases, to address the reasons for treatment. (6) with mild chronic hepatitis, although not drop transaminases may be a long-term, but more than a good prognosis, such as liver biopsy can confirm that better enable the treatment of patients at ease. Following the choice of the two drugs in the treatment of 2-3 months, null and void if the change to other drugs, and patients with the guidance of the right to rest, nutrition, psychotherapy, medication should not have ground for too miscellaneous. Common sarmentosum, hepatitis-ling, a strong Ning, or glycyrrhizin Gan Diammonium five-capsule, the compound Yiganling, Macao and Thailand music, anti-HBV RNA, or medicine Cordyceps artificially propagated mycelium extract and so on. (7), with obvious chronic hepatitis B virus replication, in addition to the above-mentioned selection of drugs, will have to use antiviral drugs and immune regulation. 9. How to diagnose carriers of HBsAg 1. No history of hepatitis B virus live, with no clinical symptoms and signs. 2. Serum HBsAg-positive continued for more than six months, but normal liver function. 3. Liver biopsy histology normal or more or less normal. Clinical found for the first time on the serum HBsAg positive attention should be paid to the following: Learn more about any past history of viral hepatitis and a history of exposure; his family gathered there hepatitis, by the history of blood (including blood products such as albumin, gamma globulin, etc.) Follow-up on a regular basis, to observe the dynamic changes in the conditions when the first three months of each should be 2 to 4 weeks a review, three months after the first monthly check. Blood testing should include HBsAg, alanine aminotransferase (SALT) and HBV replication targets; If a person has been followed up for 6 months, HBsAg positive sustained, and the SALT has been normal with no clinical manifestations of liver disease, can be diagnosed as carriers of HBsAg.